What is Sacroiliac Joint Fusion?
Sacroiliac (SI) joint fusion is a surgical procedure used to stabilize the sacroiliac joint, which connects the spine to the pelvis. This procedure is designed to relieve chronic lower back and pelvic pain caused by SI joint dysfunction, instability, or arthritis. By fusing the joint, movement is restricted, reducing pain and improving stability.
When is Sacroiliac Joint Fusion Recommended?
SI joint fusion is typically considered when non-surgical treatments fail to provide relief. It may be recommended for:
- Chronic SI joint pain due to arthritis or degeneration
- SI joint instability from injury, pregnancy, or ligament laxity
- Failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) where pain persists after spine surgery
- Traumatic injury affecting the SI joint
- Inflammatory conditions such as sacroiliitis
How is Sacroiliac Joint Fusion Performed?
The procedure is minimally invasive and involves inserting small implants or bone grafts into the SI joint to promote fusion. A small incision is made near the lower back, and using fluoroscopic or robotic guidance, the surgeon places implants to stabilize the joint. Over time, the bone fuses, permanently securing the joint.
Recovery after Sacroiliac Joint Fusion
Recovery involves restricted activity for several weeks to allow proper fusion. Patients may use crutches and undergo physical therapy to regain strength and mobility. Full recovery can take several months, with most experiencing significant pain relief.
Risks of Sacroiliac Joint Fusion
While generally safe, risks include:
- Infection
- Nerve damage
- Implant failure
- Blood clots
- Incomplete fusion (nonunion)
Benefits of Sacroiliac Joint Fusion
- Long-term pain relief
- Improved joint stability
- Enhanced mobility and function
- Minimally invasive approach with faster recovery
- Reduced reliance on pain medications
